Animal models have traditionally been used to study diseases and toxicities. However, the lack of fully representative in vitro testing guidelines has led to the widespread use of cell lines, which often fail to accurately mimic human organ function. Current toxicity testing still heavily depends on animal models and 2D cell cultures, both of which inadequately replicate human physiology.
To overcome these challenges, 3D models, such as static and dynamic cultures, offer superior biological relevance by promoting cell differentiation and closely mimicking in vivo conditions. These models provide deeper insights into drug efficacy, toxicity, and organ injuries, while enhancing cell viability, preserving cellular architecture, and improving functionality.
At ICCRAM, static and dynamic 3D spheroid models are employed to more accurately replicate in vivo environments for lung, liver, and neuronal systems. This approach yields more reliable and reproducible experimental results, enhances scientific outcomes, and aligns with ethical standards by reducing the need for animal testing in accordance with the European Commission’s 3R principles (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).
